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Hereditary issues: types and causes

Inheritance of genetic traits and expressions is often appreciated when they are passed on to a child. Whereas the occurrence of genetic disorders results in the opposite reactions

Written by SACH Ka Sarthi

Published: 12:00 AM, 22 Mar 2023

Hereditary issues: types and causes

Inheritance of genetic traits and expressions is often appreciated when they are passed on to a child. Whereas the occurrence of genetic disorders results in the opposite reactions. Discrimination based on these two phrases is commonly seen in treating individuals as out of the ordinary. But do you ever wonder what causes such diseases? Or how are they linked with health? Today in this blog, we will discuss hereditary issues, types of heredity disorders, and some tips to fight these diseases.



What is a hereditary issue?

We encounter many individuals who have some biological problems inherited from their parents. A genetic disorder is a term given to describe this issue, the frequent occurrence of a change in DNA due to the reshaping of genes. Having multiple developments of these genes causes damage to the body.

It is not necessary to have it exclusively genetically. The studies say these diseases' production might occur by factors like environmental surroundings or following a non-healthy habitual routine.


How they are linked with health

It is important to note that genes condition our body to make protein-rich cells, which help us to stay fit. Once a person comes into contact with any genetic disorder, the active cells slowly lose their formation and weaken.

All these diseases nearly have a sequence of effects due to the gene variations that give rise to the development of life-threatening risks.

Genetic variations give the possibility of developing certain diseases. Environmental factors are also a part of it. Here family history plays a vital role to understand the possibility of having some diseases like diabetes, cancer, or chromosomal diseases. Moreover, the way we live our lives is determined according to the prescription our genes possess. The instructions given by DNA are the basic code of life. We are breathing, eating, being stressed, or more keen to do certain things because our genes know how to let us do them. Genes influence disease because they affect our way of living and how we live our lives.


Types of heredity disorders

1. Cystic fibrosis is mainly linked to attacks on the digestive system and lungs. It damages the mucus cells (Gastric Gland) and produces a thick and sticky form of genes that further restricts the passage of other cells in the tubes and ducts of these systems.

Symptoms include wheezing, repeated lung infections, sinus infections, a stuffy nose, and so on. Digestive symptoms: unpleasant, foul-smelling stool, inability to exercise, slow puberty growth, etc.

2. Down syndrome is commonly seen when there is an extra chromosome 21, resulting in an abnormality. It is mostly caused by the stage of development of egg cells or sperm cells.

Symptoms: weak muscle tone, delay in learning activities, delay in child speech, uneven body structures, and features, etc.

3. Thalassemia occurs when our DNA starts evolving less hemoglobin, which is even less than normal. It causes blood disorders with the involvement of lower oxygen proteins.

Symptoms: weakness, shortness of breath, tiredness, and paleness with yellow skin.

4. Sickle Cell Anemia This disorder produces differently shaped red blood cells with a short life span, causing blockage around blood vessels.

Symptoms: swelling of hands and feet, delay in puberty, vision problems, infections, etc.

5. Huntington’s disease is the most dangerous one, where breaking on any one of the nerve cells causes the brain to break down, leaving the person with a lifespan of 10–30 years after being diagnosed.

Symptoms: compulsive behavior, anxiety, memory loss, hallucinations, etc.

6. Duchene’s Muscular Dystrophy This typically affects boys who have signs of muscular weakness. Proteins protecting these muscle fibers tend to crack up with constant enzyme exposure.

Symptoms: difficulty in standing and walking; enlarged calves; loss and shortening of muscles.


Tips to fight these diseases

● Plan to get regular consultations for treatments before starting to have any of the symptoms.

● Take the right amount of a nutritious diet filled with fiber.

● Quit habits like taking tobacco in any form and avoid drinking alcohol.

● Try to meditate to clear the life stress caused by these disorders.

● Exercising daily builds immunity and maintains a healthy life cycle.


Conclusion

Even if these hereditary diseases are genetically inherited, taking prior precautions can lower the chances of risk. Wellness begins when we choose to stay strong and overcome it with a great sense of positivity and spirit.

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Letter from your Sarthi

प्रिय,

यह जीवन और यह दुनिया बहुत सुंदर और सुखदायी है, परंतु हम अपनी इच्छाओं के अधीन होने के कारण अपने लिए दुःख को बुला लेते हैं। मनुष्य जीवन का मिलना ही अपने आप में यह दर्शाता है कि आपका पिछला जन्म अवश्य ही आनंदमय रहा है।

आपने 'सच' को अपना सारथी चुना, इसके लिए आपका स्वागत है और बहुत-सी शुभकामनाएँ। आप स्वयं अपने जीवन के रथ के चालक हैं और जीवनपर्यंत रहेंगे। मैं या अन्य कोई भी—चाहे वे आपके गुरु हों अथवा आचार्य, आपके माता-पिता हों या आपके मित्र—ये सभी आपको अपने-अपने रूप और अपनी समझ के अनुसार दिशा दिखा सकते हैं, किंतु चलना तो आपको ही पड़ेगा।

कोई भी, चाहे वह स्वयं को भगवान ही क्यों न कहे, अथवा जिसे आप पूज्य मानते हों और उन पर पूर्ण विश्वास करते हों—यदि वे आपकी समस्या का उपाय किसी भी प्रकार की पूजा-अर्चना, जादू-टोना या किसी मंदिर में मन्नत माँगने के रूप में देते हैं, तो मैं कहूँगा कि यह सब करने से आपको मन की सांत्वना तो मिल सकती है, पर समस्या का निदान हो ही जाएगा, इसका भरोसा नहीं किया जा सकता।

'सच' (Sarthi for your life) एक ऐसा प्लेटफॉर्म है जहाँ हम आपकी समस्या का समाधान अपनी समझ और जीवन के लम्बे सफ़र मैं जो experience और अनुभव से सीखा और जाना उसी से करने का प्रयास करेंगे और इसी प्रकार की सलाह भी देंगे और रास्ता दिखाएँगे। उस पर चलना और प्रयास करना तो आपको ही पड़ेगा।

हम जीवन के अच्छे और बुरे समय में काम आने वाली अन्य बातों पर भी चर्चा करते रहेंगे, जिससे यदि जीवन में कठिनाई आए भी, तो आप उसमें से हँसते-मुस्कुराते बाहर निकल सकें।

तो आइए, चलते हैं एक हसीन, meaningful और सार्थक यात्रा पर।

Dr. Subhash ChandraChairman Emeritus of ZEE

Dr. Subhash Chandra Chairman Emeritus of ZEE

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